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¥H¤W这Ïúºë细ªº¤Àªk¬O经过¬ã¨s¦Ó±oªº¡A¦ý¨º¦}¥¼将¥»³¹内®e¤À³Î为¤ù断¡A¥u将内®e¤Ï¬M¤£¦Pªº¤é´Á¥[¥H¤ÀªR¡A说©ú«H®§¬O连续ªº¡C365

¥»³¹ªº语调¬Æ¦h讥¨ë¡A¦b旧约¥ýª¾µÛ§@¤¤¡A论¥~¨¹ªº预¨¥¡A±`¦³这样ªº¤f§k¡A¦p¨º鸿书论亚­z¥§¥§À²¡]鸿¤G6¡A¤T6¡B8¡B13¡B15-19¡^¡A¥H赛亚书论¤Ú¤ñ伦¡]赛¥|¤Q¤»¡A¥|¤Q¤C³¹¡^¡A¦b¥»书论®J¤Î¡]¥|¤Q¤»7¡B8¡B15-17¡^¡C³q±`©Ò讥¨ëªº¬O¥~¨¹¯«¡]赛¥|¤Q¤»1¡B2¡F­C¥|¤Q¤»15¡^¡B§g¤ý¡]¥|¤Q¤»17¡^¡A说¥L们ªº无¯à¡C¤S¤Þ­z¥L们¦j张ªº骄¶Æ话¡]赛¥|¤Q¤C7¡B8¡B10¡F­C¥|¤Q¤»8¡^¡A预¨¥¥L们ªº²Û°d¡]鸿¤T5¡F赛¥|¤Q¤C3¡^¡C

¦b这¤@³¹¡A¥L们ªº¯«©ú°ò©Ù­n³Q掳¥h¡]7节¡^¡Aúò没¦³¹³®J¤Îªº¯«¡]Apis¤¤译词为¡u壮¤h¡v¡^¨º样³Q©G诅¡]¥|¤Q¤»15¡^¡A¤]没¦³¹³¤Ú¤ñ伦ªº¯«©¼°ÇÉO¥§ªi¨ü²Û°d¡]赛¥|¤Q¤»1¡B2¡^¡C¼¯©ã¤ý没¦³³Q´£¤Î¡A¼¯©ãªº军¤Húò远´å¤_¤Ú¤ñ伦¡]参赛¥|¤Q¤C7¡^¡C¥L们úò过¤À¦Û«H¦w¶h¡]11节¡^¡C¼¯©ã¨ü°d¬O¥²µMªº¡]18节¡^¡A¦¨为¯º¬`¡]39节¡^¡C¥L们ªº«s恸¬O¥²会¦³ªº¡]3¡B4¡B20¡B39节¡^¡A¥L们¥²¦³¦h¤H°k难¬y®ö¡]19¡B28¡B44¡B45节¡^¡C¼¯©ã敌挡­C©M华¡]42节¡^¡A­C©M华¥²毁灭¥L们¡]12¡B38¡B44节¡^¡C¥L们¥H«e讥¯º¥H¦â¦C¡]27节¡^¡A现¦b¥L们¦Û¤v³Q¤H讥¯º¤F¡]26节¡^¡C¥L们ªº骄¶Æ¡]29¡B30节¡^¡A¤é¦Z¥²¤@无©Ò¦³¡C

¥»³¹´£°_许¦h¦a¦W¡A¤]¨Ñ给¤£¤Ö¦a²z资®Æ¡C¦³ªº¤w经¦Ò¥j发现¥i¥HÚÌ©w¡A¦ý¦³ªºÚÌ¥¼¯à证实¡C

 

362 E.W. Nicholson, The Book of the Prophet Jeremiah Chapters 28-52, 1975, 177.

363 Josephus, Antiquities, x.9,7.

364 W.F. Albright书评¡GR.H. Pfeiffer, "Introduction to the O.T." Journal of Biblical Literature, 61 (1942), 119.

365 William L. Holladay, Jeremiah 2, 354.

 

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°ò©Ù¬O¼¯©ãªº¯«©ú¡A¦b乌®æ§Q¤å献¤¤¯S别´£¤Î¡]Kmt]¡^这¦W词¡C378¼¯©ã¤H称¤§为¡u°ò©Ùªº¥Á¡v¡]¥Á¤Ü¤@29¡^¡C°ò©Ù¬O¬P¬Ûªº¯«©ú¡AÉO¤k¯«亚´µ¥L¡]Ashtar¡^¡A维纳´µ¡]Venus¡^¦³关¡C379

²½¥q­º领¤@¦}´£说¡A¥i参¦Ò¥|¤Q¤E³¹¤T节¡A¦¹处ªº­º领¬O¦æ¬Fªº还¬O©v±Ðªº¡A¦}无²M·¡ªº说©ú¡C

²Ä¥|¤Q¤K³¹¤K节¡@¡u¦æ毁灭ªº¡A¥²来¨ì¦U«°¡A¦}无¤@«°±o§K¡C¤s¨¦¥²¦Ü败¸¨¡A¥­­ì¥²³Q毁§¥¡A¥¿¦p­C©M华©Ò说ªº¡C¡v

¤s¨¦¬O«ü¦º®ü¥H¥_¤§约¦ýªe¯`ªº¤s±V¡]书¤Q¤T27¡^¡A¤j·§«ü东边¡A¥­­ì¤]¥i参¦Ò¬ù书¨È记¤Q¤T³¹¤Q¤­¦Ü¤Q¤C节¡A«ü亚¹à¨¦¥_¡A¤@ª½¨ì§Æ实¥»¡C

这¨Ç³£¥²毁§¥¡A¦ü¥G¯}§¥ªº­S围¤ñ¼¯©ã还­n广¤j¡A¥i¬O¤Ú°Ç¤h©Z¨ü战乱ªº¼v响实¦b¤Ó严­«¡C

²Ä¥|¤Q¤K³¹¤E节¡@¡u­n将¯Í»H给¼¯©ã¡A¨Ï¥L¥i¥H飞¥h¡A¥Lªº«°¨¶¥²¦Ü¯îû¹¡A无¤H©~¦í¡C¡v

将¯Í»H给¼¯©ã¡A¨Ï¥L¦p飞鸟¥i¥H°k¹P¡C¦ý¡u¯Í»H¡v¤@词­ì·N为¡u装饰¡v©Î¡u¯ÝÊä¡v¡A当µM¦b¸Ñ释¤è­±¦³§x难¡C¦pªG¯Í»H飞¥h´N较为¦X²z¡C¦ý¬O¡u¯Í»H¡v¬O¦Z´Á§Æ§B来¤åªº²[义¡A为¨C¤@¬q©Ò±µ¨ü¡C

¥t¤@个¥i¯àªº译词¡A­º¥ý为叙§Q亚译¥»©Ò´£¨Ñªº¡C¡u¥L¦b¯î废¤§¦aÖÃ开¡v¡C¤C¤Q¤h译¥»ªº语Éa¤]¬Û§Ï¡C©Ò¥H¦³¤LÏú­^¤å·s译¥»¡]¦pJerusalem Bible, New English Bible, New American Bible¡^¤]ªö¥Î¡A¡u飞¥h¡v¨Æ实¤W­ì¤å¦}无¡u飞¡v¦r¡A¥u¬O¡u¥X¥h¡v¡C380

¡u¯Í»H¡v¤@词¡A¦pªG参·Ó乌®æ§Q¤å¡A¥i§@¡u盐¡v¡C381·Óú¦¥j时战争ªº±¡§Î¡A当敌军毁§¥¤@«°¤§¦Z¡A´N¼»¤W盐¡Aªí©ú¬O¥Ã¤[ªº毁灭¡A¥i参¦Ò¤h师记¤E³¹¥|¤Q¤­节¡C382

给¼¯©ã盐¦a¡A¦b毁§¥¤¤¥L¥u±oÖÃ¥h¡A¥Ñ毁灭¦Ü¯îû¹¡A¦b·N义¤W¦ü¥G§ó为连贯¡C

²Ä¥|¤Q¤K³¹¤Q节¡@¡u懒´k为­C©M华¦æ¨Æªº¡A¥²¨ü©G诅¡C¸T¤î¤M剑¤£经¦åªº¡A¥²¨ü©G诅¡C¡v

¥»节为´²¤å¡C¦b«e¤L节ªº诗¤å¡A¬ðµM¦³¤F´²¤å¡A¬O¥O¤Hª`·Nªº¡C¦ý²[义úò¬O¤Q¤À²M·¡¡C«I²¤ªÌ¬J为­C©M华审§Pªº¤u¨ã¡A¥²须¨³³t¦Ó¥B彻©³来执¦æ¡A¤£¥i懒´k¡A¤£®e迟©µ¡A§K±o¾D¨ü©G诅¡C

 

366 Edward D. Grohman, "Moab", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 3, 409-419. A.H. van Zyl, The Moabites, 1960. James R. Kautz, "Tracking the Ancient Moabites", The Biblical Archaeologist 44 (1981) 27-35, James A. Sauer, "The Transjordan in the Bronz and Iron Ages: A Critique of Glueck's Synthesis", Bulletin of American School of Oriental Research 263 (Aug. 1986), 1-26 esp. 16.

367 Edward D. Grohman, "Nebo", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 3, 528; Arnulf Kuschke, "Jeremiah 48:1-8, Zugleich ein Beitra/g zur historischen Topographie Moabs", Verbannung und Heimkehr, Beitra/ge zur Geschichte und Theologic Israels im 6, und 5, Jahrhundert v. chr., Wilhelm Rudolph zum 60 Geburstage, ed. Arhulf Kuschke; 1961, 188.

368 Edward D. Grohman, "Kiriathaim", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 3, 37; Nelson Glueck, Explorations in Eastern Palestine 111, 1939, 131.

369 James Pritchard, The Ancient Near Eastern Text, 320-321; Moabite Stone, 1, 15.

370 Moabite Stone 1, 10.

371 Paul Volz, Der Prophet Jeremia, 1928.

372 Siegfried H. Horn, "Heshbon", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, Supplement, 410-411.

373 Arnulf Kuschke, "Jeremia 48:1-8..." op. cit., 181-196, esp. 185.

374 Edward D. Grohman, "Diman", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 1, 843. A.H. Van Zy 1, The Moabites, 80 and notes 4, 5. Jerome, Usque hodie indifferenter et Dimon hoc oppidulum dictur, cited in Wilhelm Rudolph Jeremia, 1968, 274.

375 Willie Schottroff, "Horonaim, Nimrim, Luhith und der Westrand des ~Landes Ataroth" Ein Beitrag zur historischen Topographie des Landes Moab, Zeitschrift des deutschen Pala/stina-vereins 82 (1966) 207.

376 J. Penrose Harland, "Zoar", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 4, 962; Rudolph, op. cit., 287.

377 Siegfried Mittmann, "The Ascent of Luhith", Studies in the History of Archaeology of Jordan I, ed. A. Hadidi, 1982, 175-180.

378 Ugaritic Texts 5, 7.36, 10.l,5.

379 Ronald J. William, "Moabite Stone", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 3, 420. Mesha inscription Line 17. Walter Beyerlin, Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, 1978, 236-40; John Gray "Chemosh", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 1, 556.

380 William L. Holladay, Jeremiah 2, 341-342.

381 W.L. Moran, "Ugaritic s|^su^ma and Hebrew s]i^s", Biblica 39 (1958) 69-71.

382 S. Gerwitz, "Jericho and Shechem; A Religio-Literary Aspect of City Destruction", Vetus Testamentum 13 (1963) 52-62.

 

2.骄¶Æ¦Û«î¥²®ø¥¢¡]¥|¤Q¤K11-17¡^

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¼¯©ã¬O¥X产°sªº¦a¤è¡C383¥i¯à¥X产¦W°s¡A¥i参¦Ò¥H赛亚书¤Q¤»³¹¤K¦Ü¤Q节¡A¤]¤Ï¬M¦b¥»³¹¤Ê¤G¡B¤Ê¤T节¡Cªñ¦³¦Ò¥jªº发现¡A¤@个°s²~ªº盖¡A¨¬资证©ú¡C384

°s没¦³从这²~­Ë¦b¨º²~¡A¥u©ñ¦b¨º¨½¼á²M¡A¤£¦h搅动¡A¥H­P°s¨ý¥¼´²¡C385¨ä实这¥u¬Oµu暂ªº¡C¼¯©ã¤@¦V¦w¶h¡A¥­¦w无¨Æ¡A¦n¦ü°s摆¦b¨º¨½¤£动¡C¥L们没¦³¹³¥H¦â¦C犹¤j¨º¤\¦h灾¬o¡C³q±`¦³«I²¤ªÌ来进¥Ç¤Ú°Ç¤h©Z¡A¼¯©ã¤£¨ü牵连¡C©Ò¥H¦b¼¯©ãªº历¥v¤W©l终¬O¦w¶hªº¡A¦ý¬O这Ïú±¡§Î现¦b´N会§ï变¡C

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­Ë°sªº¬O«ü«I²¤ªÌ¡A¤Ú¤ñ伦执¦æ­Ë°sªº¨Æ¡C将¥L­Ë¥X来¡A¬O将¥L们掳±°¥X来¡A带¨ì¥~¦a¡A¦Ó¥B将旧ªºý·¤l§¹¥þ¥´¸H¡A¤£®e¥L们¦A¦³¦w¶hªº¤é¤l¡C¥H©¹ªº¥­¦w´N¤£¦A¦³¤F¡C

¼¯©ã¦n¹³­C¸ô¼»§Nªº©~¥Á¡A¥L们过¤À¦Û«H¡A¦n¦ü°s¦b´í·º¤W¼á²Mªº¡A¥L们¤ß¨½说¡G­C©M华¥²¤£­°ºÖ¡A¤]¤£­°祸¡C¦ý¬O终¤_灾祸临¨ì¡A¨Ï¥L们无ªk¦A¦w¶h¤U¥h¡C

这实¦b¬OÌå¤jªº¦M险¡C¥L们对¥@§½¦ü¥G³Â¤ì¤£¤¯¡A没¦³¤@点±Ó·P¡A对¤@¤Áªº¨Æ¦n¦ü³£²@¤£¦b·N¡C¤_¬O灾祸来¨ì¡A还觉±o¬O·N¥~ªº¡C¨ä实¯«­°灾¡A¬O¥ý¦³Äµ§Ù¡A­n¥L们¤Î时®¬§ï¡C­Y¬O¤£ªÖ¦^头¡A¤£º@§v«H¥ýª¾ªºÄµ§i¡A©l终没¦³®¬§ï¡A³Ì¦Z¦D罚终¤_来¨ì¡C

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¼¯©ã­ì¥H¥L们ªº¯«©ú°ò©Ù为荣¡A±`¦jÄ£°ò©Ù¬@±Ï¥L们脱Öä@¤Áªº灾祸¡C¦ý¬O现¦b当¤Ú¤ñ伦来«I¡A¥L们无ªk从«H¥õ°ò©Ù¦Ó±o¸Ñ脱¡C¦b这Ïú±¡§Î¤§¤¤¡A¥L们ªº骄¶Æ¦¨为²Û·\¡A¦]为¥L们彻©³¥¢±æ¤F¡C

¥H¦â¦C®a­Ê¾a§B¯S§Qªº¯«¡C­ì为§B¯S§Q¡A¥L们­Ê¾a§B¯S§Q¡A§B¯S§Q¥²¬O¥N´À¯«ªº¦W¡C这¤£会¬O«ü­C©M华¡A¦Ó¬O¥H¦â¦C¥H¥~ªº¯«¡A¦b邻¨¹这样ªº说ªkÌå为´¶¹M¡A亚­zªº¥H¼»«¢顿¡]Esarhaddon¡^ÉO±À罗ªº¤Ú¤O¡A¦b¤Ú¤ñ伦¤]¦³¡A¬Æ¦Ü¦³犹¤Óªº¦W¦r¡C386Éo经¤¤¥i¨Ñ参¦Òªº¦³创¥@记¤Ê¤­³¹¤C节¡C§B¯S§Q­ì·N为¯«ªº·µ¡A¥H·µ§@为¯«¡A¤]¬O°g«H¡C§B¯S§Q¤S¦¨为Éo©Ò¤§«°¡A¦³¤H¦]¦¹将«°当§@¯«©ú¡AÉO·q«ô­C©M华ªº¨Æ²V为¤@谈¡A³£¦¨为²V¦X©v±Ð¤£当ªº°g«H¡C°g«HªÌ¥²»X²Û¡A¦]为¥L们©Ò­Ê¾aªº¬O虚无ªº¡C

²Ä¥|¤Q¤K³¹¤Q¥|¦Ü¤Q¤­节¡@¡u§A们«ç¤\说¡A§Ú们¬O«i¤h¡A¬O¦³«i¤O¥´¥Mªº©O¡H¼¯©ã变为¯î场¡A敌¤H¤W¥h进¤F¥Lªº«°¨¶¡C¥L©Ò¯S选ªº¤Ö¦~¤H¡A¤U¥h¾D¤F杀¼®¡C这¬O§g¤ý¦W为­C©M华说ªº¡C¡v

¦b¥ýª¾ªº«H®§¤¤¡A¨º¨Ç©Ò谓«i¤h¡A¦³«i¤Oªº¤H¡A¥H¤Î¯S选ªº¤Ö¦~¤H¡A³£³Q杀¼®¡A­Ë¤U¡A¤rÊ^¥ñ¦a¡C¦]¦¹战¨Æ§¹¥þ¥¢败¡C

¤Q¤­节·Ó­ì¤åª½译¡G¡u¼¯©ã©M¥L«°¨¶ªº毁§¥ªÌ¤@¤W来¡K¡K¡v¤C¤Q¤h译¥»¥¼译¥X¡u¤W来¡v¡G¡u¼¯©ã©M¥Lªº«°¨¶¤@¦}³Q毁灭¡K¡K¡v¡C¯S选ªº¤Ö¦~¤H´N­Ë¦b杀¼®ªÌ­±«e¡C

这¬OÉE军¤§­C©M华说ªº¡A­C©M华称为§g¤ý¡A¥i参¦Ò¥|¤Q¤»³¹¤Q¤K节¡C

²Ä¥|¤Q¤K³¹¤Q¤»¦Ü¤Q¤C节¡@¡u¼¯©ãªº灾¬o临ªñ¡A¥Lªº­W难³t³t来¨ì¡C¤Z¦b¥L¥|围ªº©M认识¥L¦Wªº¡A§A们³£­n为¥L´d伤说¡A¨º结实ªº§ú¡A©M¨º¬ü¦nªº´Ò¡A¦ó³º§é断¤F©O¡H¡v 

灾¬o¡A¦b¤Q¤K³¹¤Q¤C节¦³说©ú¡C这¤@节¡]16节¡^¡A¥i联·Q¥Ó©R记¤Ê¤G³¹¤Ê¤­节¡G¡u¥L们¥¢脚ªº时­Ô¡A¦ùüR报应¦b§Ú¡A¦]¥L们¾D灾ªº¤é¤lªñ¤F¡A¨º­n临¦b¥L们¨­¤Wªº¡A¥²³t³t来¨ì¡C¡v

¦]¼¯©ãªº败¤`¡A邻¨¹为¥L´d伤¡A·Q°_¼¯©ã¥H«eªº荣华¡C结实ªº§ú¡A­ì·N为±oÐ`ªº¥OµP¡A诗½g¤@¤@¡³½g¤G节§@¡u¯à¤Oªº§ú¡v¡A¦b¤³敌¤¤´x权¡C¯à¤O­ì·N为¡u±oÐ`¡v¡A¦b诗½g¤»¤Q¤K½g¤Ü¤K节¡A¥H¦â¦Cªº¡u¯à¤O¡v¡A¬O­C©M华©Ò赐ªº¡C387¦¹¥~¡A诗½g¤Ü¤@½g¤@节¡A¤Ü¤E½g¤Q¤@节¡A¤»¤Q¤K½g¤Ê¥|节¡A¤K¤Q¤E½g¤Q¤C节¡A¤@¤@¡³½g¤G节¡A³£¦³¦P样ªº²[义¡C388邻¨¹´¿¨ü¼¯©ãªº¼v响¡]¤Ü¤C3¡F¤ý¤U¤@1¡A¤T4¡B5¡A¤Ü¥|2¡^¡C

 

383 James F. Ross, "Wine", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 4, 850a.

384 William A. Irwin, "An Ancient Biblical Text", American Journal of Semitic Languages 48 (1931/32) 184-193.

385 David J. Clark, "Wine on the Lees (Zeph. 1. 12 and Jer. 48.11)", The Bible Translator 32 (1981) 241-243.

386 Otto Eissfeldt, "Der Gott Bethel", Archiv fu/r Religionswissenschaft 28 (1930) 1-80, J. Philip Hyatt, "Bethel, (deity)," The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 1, 390-391, "The Deity Bethel and the Old Testament", Journal of American Oriental Society 59 (1939) 81-98; Arthur E. Cowley, Aramaic Papyri of the Fifth Century B.C. 1923. 55-56 (No.18, Line 4).

387 William F. Albright, "A Catalogue of Early Hebrew Lyric Poems (Psalm Lxviii)", Hebrew Union College Annual 23 (1950/51) Part, 31.

388 Mitchel Dahood, Psalms I, 131, 180; Psalms II, 152, 315; Psalms III, 115.

 

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¼¯©ã轻视¥H¦â¦C¡A¦b¦èµf¶®书¤G³¹¤K¡B¤Q节¡A¤]³£¦³见证¡C¦ý¬O现¦b¥L们这¨Ç¶á¯º¤Hªº¡A¨ü¤H¶á¯º¤F¡C

²Ä¥|¤Q¤K³¹¤Ü¤K节¡@¡u¼¯©ãªº©~¥Á­þ¡A­nÖÃ开«°¨¶¡A¦í¦b¤s±V¨½¡A¹³鸽¤l¦b²`渊¤f¤W·f窝¡C¡v

¥L们°k¨ì¤s±V¥hÁ×难暂©~¡A¥i参¦Ò¥|³¹¤Ü¤E节¡C鸽¤l¦b¥»书¤¤¥u¦¹处´£¤Î¡C¦b²`渊¤f¤W·f窝¡A¬O¤@Ïú¤Q¤À无©`ªº±¡§Î¡C¤j约¦b亚¹à¨¦ªº峡¨¦¡A¥i参¦Ò亚罗Ò­ªº¦a点ÉO处¹Ò¡A´¿¦³¨k¤k°k难ªº¤H¡AÁ×难ªº±¡§Î¤@©wÌå为·W乱ÉOÕa惧¡C

 

389 Chester C. McCown, "Dibon", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 840-841; Eleanor K. Vogel, Bibliography of Holy Land Sites. Offprint form Hebrew Union College Annual 42 (1971) 26-27; Eleanor K. Vogel and Brooks Holtzclaw, Bibliography of the Holy Land Sites Part III (1970-81) offprint from Hebrew Union College Annual 52 (1981), 26.

390 William H. Morton, "Aroer", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 1, 230-231, Nelson Glueck, "Explorations in Eastern Palestine, I", Annual of American School of Oriental Research 14 (1933/34). 49-50; William G. Dever, "Aroer", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, Supplement, 55, Edward D. Grohman, "Arnon", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 1, 230.

391 Roland de Vaux, "Notes d~histoire et de topographie transiordaniennes", Viure de Penser 1 (1940) 20; J. Andrew Dearman, "The Location of Jahaz", Zeitschrift des deutschen Pala/stina vereins, 100 (1984) 122-126.

392 Edward D. Grohman, "Mephaath", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 3, 350 Robert G. Boling and G. Ernest Wright, Joshua, 1982, 494.

393 Wilhelm Rudolph, Jeremia, 1968, 285, Edward D. Grohman, "Almon-diblathaim", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 1, 86.

394 Edward D. Grohman, "Beth-gamul", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 1, 393.

395 Edward D. Grahman, "Baal-meon", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 1, 332.

396 Arnulfkuschke, "Das Deutsche Evangelische Institut fu/r Altertumswissenchaft des Heiligen Landes, Lehrkursus 1959", Zeitschrift des deutsachen Pala/stina Vereins 76 (1960) 23.

397 Wilhelm Rudolph, Jeremia, 285.

398 Bernard Couroyer, "Corne et arc", Revue Biblique 73 (1966) 510-521; Yigael Yadin, The Art of Warfare in Biblical Lands, 1963, 7.

399 Godfrey R. Driver, "Difficult Words in the Hebrew Prophets", Studies in Old Testament Prophecy, Presented to Theodore H. Robinson, ed. Harold H. Rowley, 1950, 61-62.

400 A.J. Thompson, The Book of Jeremiah, 707.

 

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401 Edward D. Grohman, "Kir-hareseth", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 3, 36; Wilhelm Rudolph, Jeremia, 287; Hans Wildberger, Jesdja, 1972, 611, 626.

402 G.M. Landes, "The Fountain of Jazer", Bulletin of American School of Oriental Research, 14 (1956), 30-37.

403 Simon Cohen, "Jazer", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 2, 806, Rolf Rendorff, "Zur Lage von Jazer", Zeitschrift des deutschen Pala/stina Vereins 76 (1960) 124-135.

404 Edward D. Grohman, "Elealeh", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 2, 75; Wilhelm Rudolph, Jeremia, 284.

405 Yipael Yadin, "More on the Letters of Bar Kochba", The Biblical Archaeologist 24 (1961) 94.

406 Edward D. Grohman, "Nimrim, The Water of", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 3, 551; Rudolph, op. cit., 287; Wilderger, Jesaja, 615-16.

 

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407 Robert F. Johnson, "Sihon", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 4, 351.

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