·µ»ØÊ×Ò³ | ·µ»Ø±¾ÊéĿ¼ |

ÌáĦ̫ǰÊéµÚ¶þÕÂ

III. ¶ÔµØ·½½Ì»áÉú»îµÄָʾ 2:1-4:5

A. Ôڽ̻áÉú»îÖе»¸æµÄÓÅÏÈÐÔ 2:1-7

ʹͽ¶ÔÌáĦ̫¹ØÓÚÁìµ¼ÒÔ¸¥Ëù½Ì»áµÄµÚÒ»¸öÕýÃæָʾ¾ÍÊÇҪΪÍòÈË´úµ»£¬±£ÂÞ¸ø³öÕâÑùµÄָʾÊÇΪÁËҪǿµ÷ËüµÄÖØÒªÐÔ£¬ËµÃ÷ËüµÄ¼ÛÖµ£¬²ûÃ÷ËüµÄʵÐС£

¡±µ»¸æµÄ·þÊÂÊÇ»ù¶½µÄ½Ì»áËùÄܲÎÓëµÄ×îÖØÒªµÄ·þÊ¡±(D. Edmond Hiebert, Working With God: Scriptural Studies in Intercession, p. 44)¡£

2: 1-2 ΪÁ˶شٵ»¸æµÄʵÐУ¬±£ÂÞÓÃÁ˺ü¸¸öͬÒå´ÊÀ´±í´ïµ»¸æµÄÒâ˼£¬µ«ÕâЩ´Ê²¢Ã»Óб¾ÖÊÉϵÄÇø±ð¡£ËùÒÔ¡±¿ÒÇó¡±ËùÇ¿µ÷µÄÊÇÇëÇóµÄÆÈÇÐÐÔ£¬ÒòΪÎÒÃǾõµÃ¶ÔÎÒÃÇËùÇóµÄÓÐËùÐèÒª£¨²Î·18:1-8£©£»¡°µ»¸æ¡± ÊÇÒ»¸ö·ºÓõĴʣ¬°üÀ¨ËùÓÐÐÎʽµÄÓëÉñµÄ½»Í¨£¬ÖصãÇ¿µ÷µÄÊÇÒª¶ÔÉñÓÐÒ»¸ö¾´Î·µÄÁ飨²ÎÌ«6:9-10£©£»¡±´úÇó¡±ÊÇΪ±ðÈ˺Í×Ô¼ºËù×÷µÄÓÐÐÅÐĵÄÇëÇ󣨲η11:5-13£©£»¡±×£Ð»¡±ÔÚÕâÀïÊÇ×îÓëÆäËüµÄ´ÊÓÐËù²»Í¬µÄ£¬Õâ¸ö´ÊÓÃÀ´ÌáÐÑÎÒÃÇÔÚ¹«¿ªµ»¸æµÄÇé¿öÏ£¬Ó¦¸Ã¼´ÏòÉñ±íʾÎÒÃǵÄÐèÒªÒ²Ó¦±íʾÎÒÃǵĶÔÉñµÄ¸Ðл¡£±£ÂÞÔÚÕâÀïÓÃÕâЩͬÒå´ÊÃ÷ÏÔÊÇÔÚÇ¿µ÷µ»¸æµÄÖØÒªÐÔ¶ø²»ÊÇÔÚÇ¿µ÷µ»¸æµÄÖÖÀà¡£

µ»¸æÊ®·ÖÖØÒª£¬ÒòΪËü°ÑÉñ´øµ½ÎÒÃǵ»¸æµÄÇéÐε±ÖУ¬²¢È·±£ÉñΪÔÚÐèÒªÖеÄÈË×÷¹¤¡£ÔÚÕâÀïûÓÐÌᵽΪʲôÉñÔÚËû¶ÔÕû¸öÓîÖæµÄÖ÷Ȩ¿ØÖÆÖÐÒýÈëµ»¸æÕâÑùÒ»¸öר°¸£¬µ«±£ÂÞÖªµÀËûµÄ¶ÁÕßÃ÷°×Õâµã£¬ÒòΪÕâÔÚÊ¥¾­ÆäËûµÄµØ·½ÓÐÃ÷ÏԵIJûÃ÷¡£ÔÚÕâÀï±£ÂÞÏëҪ˵µÄÊÇ£¬»ù¶½Í½²»Ó¦¸ÃºöÊÓµ»¸æ¶ø²»È¥ÀûÓÃÕâÖÖËûÃÇ¿ÉÒÔÈÎÒâ֧ȡµÄ³¬×ÔÈ»×ÊÔ´¡£

¡±½Ì»áûÓиù¾ÝÕâÑùµÄ¶Ø´ÙÀ´µ»¸æÊǽ̻áËù·¸µÄºÜ¶à¹ý´íÖ®Ò»¡±(Hiebert, First Timothy, p.51)¡£

¡±ÈôÊǵ»¸æûÓÐÓã¬ÄÇôʹͽ¾Í²»»áд³öÕâÑùµÄÈ°ÃãÁË¡±£¨Lensky, p. 539£©¡£

Éñ»á°´ÕÕËû×ÓÃñËùÇó¸æµÄÀ´ÐÐÊ£¬¶øÕâЩÊÂÈôÊÇËûµÄ×ÓÃñûÓÐÇóÉñÒ²²»»á×ö¡££¨ÑÅ4:2£©¡£

ÓÐЩÈËÒ»Ö±²»ÖªµÀÊÇ·ñ¸ÃΪδµÃ¾ÈµÄÈ˵»¸æ£¬±¾½Ú¾­ÎÄ£¨Ò»½Ú£©¸ø³öÁËÕâ¸öÎÊÌâµÄ´ð°¸£¬ÍòÈ˵±È»°üÀ¨ÄÇЩδµÃ¾ÈµÄÈË¡£¶øÇÒ£¬±£ÂÞдÕâ·âÊéÐŵÄʱºòµÄÂÞÂí»ÊµÛÊÇÄáÂÌ£¬ÊÇÒ»¸ö²»ÐŵÄÈË£¬±£ÂÞÌرð¸æËßËûµÄ¶ÁÕßҪΪÄáÂ̵»¸æ£¬¶øÇÒÇëÇóµÄÄ¿µÄ²»½ö½öÊÇΪÁË×Ô¼ºµÄƽ°²£¬Ò²Ó¦¸ÃÊÇΪÁËÄáÂÌÍõµÄµÃ¾È£¨ËĽڣ©¡£

ÎÒÃÇÊ×ÏÈÐèҪΪ¹ú¼ÒµÄÕÆȨÕß¼°ËûÃǵÄϼ¶¹ÙÔ±µ»¸æ£¬ºÃʹÎÒÃÇƽ°²ÎÞʵضÈÈÕ£¬¶ø²»Ó¦¸ÃÊ×ÏÈΪÎÒÃÇ×Ô¼ºµÄ°²ÒÝÏíÊÜÀ´Çó¸æÉñ¡£ÎÒÃÇÓ¦¸ÃÇóµÄÊÇÎÒÃÇ×÷Ϊ»ù¶½Í½ÔÚÊÀÉÏÍê³ÉÉñ¸øÎÒÃÇÉèÁ¢µÄÄ¿±ê£º°ÑºÍ½âµÄÐÅÏ¢´ø¸øËùÓеÄÈË£¬²¢ÔÚÎÒÃÇËùÓеĹØϵÖÐÈÙÒ«Éñ¡£ÈËÃÇËùÊܹÜÀíµÄÕþ¸®Ó°ÏìËûÃǵÄÉú»îÓëËûÃǵÄÊôÁéµÄÕùÕ½¡£

¡±¾´ò¯¡±£¨µÚ¶þ½Ú£¬±£ÂÞÔÚ½ÌÄÁÊéÐÅÖÐÓÐ10´ÎʹÓÃÕâ¸ö´Ê£¬ÔÚÕâÀïÊǵÚÒ»´Î£©Ö¸µÄÊÇ»ùÓÚ¶ÔÉñµÄÈÏʶ¶ø²úÉúµÄ¶ÔÉñµÄ¾´Î·£¬¡±¶ËÕý¡±Ö¸µÄÊǶÔÉñµÄ¾´Î·ÔÚÍⲿÒåÐÐÉϵıíÏÖ

2:3-4 ÕâÖÖµ»¸æÊÇÁîÉñϲÔõģ¬ÒòΪÉñÊÇÎÒÃǵÄÕü¾ÈÕߣ¬ÊÇϲÔðÑ×ïÈË´ÓËûÃǵÄ×ïµÄ¹¤¼ÛÖÐÕü¾È³öÀ´µÄ¡£ÔÚÕâÀïµÄ¡±ÍòÈË¡±Ö¸µÄ¾ÍÊÇËùÓеÄÈË£¬Éñ¿ÊÍûÿһ¸öÈ˶¼µÃ¾È¡£ÉñÔÊÐíÈËÃðÍöÕâÑùµÄÊÂʵËƺõÓë´ËÏàì¶Ü£¬µ«Æäʵȴ²»È»¡£±ÊÕßÈÏΪ£¬Òª½â¾öÕâ¸öÎÊÌ⣬ÎÒÃÇÓ¦³ÐÈÏÉñ×îÓÅÏȵÄÄ¿µÄ²¢²»ÊÇÕü¾ÈËùÓеÄÈËÀ࣬¶øÊÇËû×Ô¼ºµÄÈÙÒ«¡£ÒòΪijÖÖÔ­Òò£¬Ò»²¿·ÖÈ˵þȱÈËùÓеÄÈ˵þȸüÄÜÈÙÒ«Éñ¡£µ«¾¡¹ÜÕâÑùÄܸü¼ÓÈÙÒ«Éñ£¬ÉñµÄÐÄÒ²»áÒò´Ë¶øÉËÍ´¡£ÕâÒ»µãÎÒÃÇ´ÓÊ¥¾­ÖпÉÒÔ¿´µ½£¬Éñ¶ÔÄÇЩÆú¾øËûµÄÈË£¨°üÀ¨ÐŵĺͲ»Ðŵģ©µÄÃüÔËÊǶàôÉËÍ´¡££¨See Thomas Constable, ¡°What Prayer Will and Will Not Change,¡± in Essays in Honor of J. Dwight Penteconst, pp. 017-9£©

µ±ÈËÃÇÃ÷°×²¢ÏàÐÅÉñµÄÕæÀíʱËûÃǾͻᱻ¾ÈÊ꣨±»ÖØÉú¼Ì¶ø±»Õü¾È£©¡£

2:5-6 Ðí¶àÆÀÂÛ¼ÒÈÏΪ£¬±£ÂÞÔÚÕâÁ½½ÚÖÐËùÒýÓõÄÊÇÁíÍâÒ»¸ö£¨ÏóʹͽО­Ò»ÑùµÄ£©±»¾­³£Ê¹ÓõÄÐÅÌõ£¬ÁíÒ»ÖÖ¿ÉÄÜÐÔÊÇ£¬ÕâÁ½½Ú¾­ÎÄÖеÄÄÚÈÝÊDZ£ÂÞÔÚдÕâ·âÊéÐÅʱÉñÆôʾ¸øËûµÄ¡£²»¹ÜÔõÑù£¬ÎÒÃÇÔÚÕâÀïÓÐÒ»¸ö¶Ô»ù¶½µÄÈËÓ빤×÷µÄÇå³þµÄ½âÊÍ¡£ÔÚÕâÀïËù½²µÄÍêÈ«Ö§³Ö3¡¢4½ÚµÄÄÚÈÝ¡£

ÉñÈË£¨Ò®öÕ»ù¶½£©ÊÇÉñÓëÈËÖ®¼äΨһµÄÖб££¨ÏòÈËÌṩ¾È¶÷ÏòÉñ·¢³öÆíÇ󣩣¬ÕâÑùÒ»¸öÊÂʵÔÚÀúÊ·ÖÐÒ»Ö±ÊÇÁîÈËÄÑÒÔ½ÓÊܵġ£ÔÚ±£ÂÞµÄʱ´ú£¬ÓÌÌ«ÈËËùÑöÍûµÄÊÇĦÎ÷£¨¼Ó3:19£©»òÊÇÌìʹ(À´2:6)×÷ΪËûÃǵÄÖб££»ÅµË¹µ×Ö÷ÒåÕßÑö¿¿ÊÇÖÙ½éµÄÉñÁé¡£ÔÚÏÖ´ú£¬ÂÞÂíÌìÖ÷½ÌºÍÆäËûÈËÑö¿¿ÒÑÈ¥ÊÀµÄ¡±Ê¥Í½¡±À´ÎªËûÃÇÇóµÃÀûÒæ¡£µ«µÚÎå½ÚµÄ½Ìµ¼ÊǺÜÇå³þµÄ£ºÉñÓëÈËÖ®¼äΨһµÄÖб£¾ÍÊÇ»ù¶½¡£¡±¼°ÖÁʱºòÂú×㡱ҮöÕ±»½µÉú²¢ËÀÔÚÊ®×Ö¼ÜÉϳÉΪÈËÀàµÄ¾ÈÊ꣬°ÑÈËÀà´Ó×ïµÄÅ­ÒÛÏÂÕü¾È³öÀ´¡£Ò®öÕµÄËÀʹËùÓеÄÈ˶¼ÓеþȵĻú»á£¨See Lewis Sperry Chafer, Systematic Theology, 3:184-85£©ÓÐÏÞ¾ÈÊêÂÛÕß°Ñ¡±ÍòÈË¡±½âÊͳÉÊÇËùÓеÄÑ¡ÃñUniversalists°Ñ¡±ÍòÈË¡±½âÊÍΪÿһ¸ö¸öÌåµÄÈË¡£Ê¥¾­ÖÐÆäËûÌáµ½Ò®öÕµÄËÀΪÿһ¸öÈËÌṩ¾ÈÊêµÄ»ù´¡µÄÕ½ڣ¨¼´Ô¼3:16, Ô¼Ò¼2:2; µÈ£©ÊÇÓëÓÐÏÞ¾ÈÊêÂÛÕßËù½âÊÍÊÇÏàì¶ÜµÄ£º¶ø±íÃ÷²¢²»ÊÇÿһ¸öÈ˶¼»á±»Õü¾ÈµÄÕ½Ú(¼´Ì«25:46; Æô20:15; µÈ)È´ÓëUniversalistsµÄ½âÊÍÏàì¶Ü¡£

Ò®öÕΪËùÓеÄÈ˶øËÀÕâÑùµÄÒâ˼Ã÷ÏÔ°üº¬ÔÚ¡±Êê¼Û¡±£¨¡±Êê¼Û¡±Ï£À°ÓïÊÇantilutron,ÔÚÐÂÔ¼ÖÐÖ»ÔÚÕâÀïʹÓã©Õâ¸ö´ÊºÍÕâÒ»½Ú¾­ÎÄÖС£»ù¶½µÄËÀËù´øÀ´µÄÒæ´¦²»½öÏÞÓÚÑ¡Ãñ£¬Ëû¡±ÎªÍòÈË¡±¸¶ÁËÊê¼Û¡£

2:7 ±£ÂÞ×îºóÒ»¸ö¶ÔËûµÄΪÍòÈËÆíµ»µÄÃüÁîµÄÖ§³ÖÊÇÕâÑùµÄÒ»¸öÊÂʵ£ºËû±»Î¯ÅɰѸ£Òô´«¸øÍâ°îÈË£¬¶ø²»ÊÇÓÌÌ«ÈË£¬ÓÌÌ«È˹ýÈ¥Ôø¾­ÊÇÉñµÄÑ¡Ãñ¡£±£ÂÞÕæʵµØÐûÑ︣ÒôµÄÕæÀí£¬Ëû¶ÔÕæÀíµÄ¿Ï¶¨¸üÇ¿µ÷ÁËËûµÄÃüÁî¡£

ÔÚ±±ÃÀµÄ½Ì»áÖУ¬¶Ôµ»¸æµÄ¶Ø´ÙÊÇͨ³£Êܵ½ºöÂԵģ¬ÔÚ¶àÊýµÄ½Ì»á»¨·ÑÏ൱ÉÙµÄʱ¼ä½øÐУģ¬ÕâÓë±£ÂÞÔÚ±¾ÊéÐźÍÆäËûÊéÐÅÖÐËùÐûµ¼µÄ£Ä̬¶ÈÊǽØÈ»Ïà·´µÄ¡£±ÊÕßÏàÐÅ£¬ÎÒÃÇ»ù±¾É϶ÔÉú»îÓÐÒ»ÖÖ²»ÏÖʵµÄ̬¶È£¬ÕâÖÖ̬¶ÈÊÇÓÉÕâ¸öÊÀ½çϵͳËùÌᳫµÄ£¬ÒòΪÕâ¸öÊÀ½ç¸æËßÎÒÃǵÄ˵ÎÒÃDz»ÐèÒªÉñ¡£ÐγÉÏÊÃ÷¶ÔÕÕµÄÊÇ£¬±£ÂÞºÍËùÓеÄÊ¥¾­¶¼½Ìµ¼Ëµ£¬ÎÒÃÇÊÇÍêÈ«ÒÀ¿¿ÉñµÄ£¨¶ÔÔ¼15:5£©£¬ÎÒÃÇÏàÐŵ½Ê²Ã´³Ì¶È£¬¾Í»á£Äµ½Ê²Ã´³Ì¶È¡£

¡±¶Ô£ÄµÄʵÐÐÊDz»ÄÜÓÉÍⲿµÄÃüÁîÀ´Ç¿Æȵģ¬¶øÓ¦¸ÃÊÇÎÒÃÇÈÏʶµ½ËüµÄÖØÒªÐÔºóÖ÷¶¯µÄȥʵÐС£¡±£¨Hiebert. Workintg with God, p. 49£© ¡£

B. ÔÚ¾Û»áÖÐÄÐÈ˺ÍÅ®È˵ÄÔðÈÎ 2:8-15

2:8 ¡±Ëæ´¦¡±¸ù¾ÝÉÏÏÂÎÄÒ²ÐíÖ¸µÄÊÇÈκλù¶½Í½¾Û»áµÄµØ·½£¬ÕâЩָµ¼ÊÇ­­­ÊÊÓÃÓڹ㷺µÄ½Ì»á×éÖ¯£¬»¹ÊÇÊÊÓÃÓڵط½½Ì»áµÄ¾Û»áÄØ£¿¸ù¾Ý±£ÂÞ¼ÌÐø¶ÔµØ·½½Ì»á¹¤×÷£¨ÈýÕ£©µÄÖ¸µ¼ÕâÑùµÄÊÂʵ£¬±ÊÕßÈÏΪÕâÀïµÄָʾ£¨²Î2£©ÊÇÕë¶ÔµØ·½½Ì»á¾Û»áµÄ£¨²Î3:15£©¡£ÔÚÕâÑùµÄ¾Û»áÖУ¬ÄÐÈËÓ¦¸ÃÖ÷Áì£Ä£¨ÔÚÓпÉÒÔÁìµ»µÄÄÐÈ˵Äʱºò£©¡£

½²µ½ÈçºÎ£ÄÖ®ºó£¬ÏÂÃæËùÇ¿µ÷ÊÇ´øÁì£ÄµÄÈËÓ¦ÓÐÄÚÐĵÄÊ¥½àÓëÍâ±íµÄÒåÐС£ÕâÀï²»ÊÇÒªÇóÄÐÈËÔڣĵÄʱºòÒª°ÑÊÖ¾ÙÆðÀ´£¬±£ÂÞÖ»²»¹ýÃèÊöÁËÄǸöʱ´ú»áÖڣĵÄÐÎʽ£¨²ÎÍõÉÏ8:22; Ö¾ÏÂ6:13; ˹9:5; Ê«28:2; 141:2; °§2:19£©£¬ÕâÔÚһЩµØÏÂĹѨÖеÄǽ±ÚÉϺÍһЩÔçÆڵĻù¶½½ÌÒÕÊõÖÐÓÐËù±íÏÖ¡££¨£ÄÖеÄ×ËÊƲ¢²»Ó°Ïì£ÄµÄЧ¹û£¬ËüÖ»²»¹ý·´Ó¦ÁË£ÄÈ˵ÄÄÚÐÄ̬¶È¡££©Ò»°ãÀ´½²£¬½«ÊÖÕÅ¿ª¹ØÏòÌì¾ÙÆðÃ÷ÏÔÊÇÏóÕ÷×Å£ÄÈËÏòÉñ³¨¿ªÄÚÐIJ¢¿ÊÍû´ÓÉñÄÇÀï»ñµÃ×£¸£¡£

2:9-10 Å®ÈËÔÚ¾Û»áÖеÄÔðÈÎÐèÒª¸ü¶àµÄ½âÊÍ£¬±£ÂÞÔÚÕâÁ½½Ú¾­ÎÄÖÐÏëҪ˵Ã÷µÄÊÇ£¬»ù¶½Í½¸¾Å®Ó¦¸Ãͨ¹ýºÃµÄÐÐΪ¶ø²»ÊÇͨ¹ý·þÊκÍ×°°çÀ´±íÏÖ³öËýÃǵľ´ò¯¡£Ã÷ÏԵأ¬±£ÂÞ²¢Ã»ÓÐ˵Íâ±í²¢²»ÖØÒª¡£

¡±Ò»Ð©ÈËÔ¸Ôõô˵±£ÂÞ¾ÍÔõô˵°É£¬ËûÔÚÕâÀïËù˵µÄÒâ˼ÊǸ¾Å®ÔڲμӾۻá֮ǰӦ¸Ã´©´÷µÃºÃ¡±£¨Lensky, pp. 558-59£©¡£

¡±ÒÂןÍÍâ±íµÄ²»Õû½àʹ»ù¶½Í½¸¾Å®ÏԵúܲ»ºÏÊÊ¡±£¨Hiebert, First Timothy, p. 58£©¡£

µ«Ò»¸ö»ù¶½Í½¸¾Å®ÎªÈËËùÖªµÄÓ¦¸ÃÊÇËýµÄ»ù¶½Ê½µÄÐÐΪ£¬¶ø²»Ó¦ÊÇËýµÄ·þÊΡ¢·¢ÐͺÍÆäËûÍâÔڵĶ«Î÷£¬ÕâЩ¶¼ÊÇ·Ç»ù¶½Í½Ëù¿´Öصġ£µ±È»£¬Ò»¸ö»ù¶½Í½¸¾Å®Ó¦¾ßÓÐÕâЩºÃµÄÊôÁéÆ·ÖÊ£¬µ«±£ÂÞµÄÒâ˼ÊÇÕâЩºÃµÄÆ·ÖÊÓ¦Ôڽ̻áµÄ¾Û»áÖиü¼ÓÏÔÃ÷£¬ÒòΪÕâЩƷÐн«»áʹ½Ì»áµÄ»î¶¯¸ü¼ÓÓÐÖÈÐòºÍÔì¾ÍÈË¡£

2:11-12 ̸µ½¸¾Å®Ôڽ̻á¾Û»áÖеIJÎÓ룬±£Â޽̵¼¸¾Å®ÒªÈÃÄÐÈ˽̵¼ºÍÁì»á£¬Ëû²¢²»ÊÇ˵¸¾Å®ÃÇÔÚÐÄ˼ºÍÒâÄÇü´ÓÄÐÈË£¬¶øÊÇ˵ËýÃÇÔÚ¾Û»áÖÐÓ¦¸Ã×ÔÔ¸µØÕ¾ÔÚѧϰÕßµÄλÖÃÉÏ£¬ËýÃDz»Ó¦¸Ã½ÓÊܾۻáÖнÌʦ»òÕßÊÇÁìµ¼ÕߵĵØλ¡£¶¯´Ê¡±½²µÀ¡±ºÍ¡±Ï½¹Ü¡±ÔÚÏ£À°ÎÄÖоùÊÇÏÖÔÚʱ̬£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵ËüÃÇÊdzÖÐøµÄ¶¯×÷£¬¶ø²»ÊÇÒ»´ÎÐԵĶ¯×÷¡£

¡±ÒòΪ¿ÉÄÜ»á²úÉú¶Ô±ðÈ˵ÄϽÖÆ£¬¸¾Å®²»Ó¦¸Ã×÷½Ìʦ£¬ÕâÒ»½Ú²¢²»ÊÇ˵ֻÓÐÔÚ¸¾Å®ÓпÉÄÜ´Û¶áȨÀûµÄʱºò²Å½ûÖ¹ËýÃǽ²µÀ£¬ÕâÒ»½ÚÒ²²»ÊÇ˵¸¾Å®ÓÀÔ¶¶¼²»Äܽ²µÀ£¬¶øÊÇ˵¸¾Å®²»Ó¦¸Ã³ÉΪ½Ìʦ¡±£¨Charles C. Ryrise, You Mean the Bible Teaches That... , p. 40£©¡£

±£ÂÞËƺõһ̸ֱµ½µÄÊÇÕû¸öµØ·½½Ì»á£¬±ÊÕß²»ÈÏΪ±£ÂÞ·´¶Ô¸¾Å®Ôڽ̻áÄÚ²¿Ò»Ð©Ð¡¾Û»áÖн²µÀºÍ´øÁ죨²ÎÌáºó3:14-15; ¶à2:3£©¡£¶øÇÒÎÒÃÇÓ¦¸Ã¼ÇµÃ£¬±£ÂÞÔÚÕâʱËùÌáµ½µÄ½Ì»áÇéÐÎÖÐÊÇÓÐÄÐÈË¿ÉÒÔ½²µÀºÍ´øÁì

........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

±£ÂÞÔÚÕâÀïËù½Ìµ¼µÄËƺõÓë¸çÁÖ¶àÇ°ÊéµÄËù½²µÄÏàì¶Ü£¬Õâ¸öÎÊÌâÈçºÎ½â¾öÄØ£¿Ê×ÏÈ£¬±£ÂÞÔÚ¸çÁÖ¶àÇ°Êé13ÕÂ14½ÚÖиæË߸¾Å®ÃÇÒªÔÚ¾Û»áÖоø¶Ô°²¾²£¬ËûÔÚÄÇÀïÓõÄÏ£À°´ÊÊÇÓëÔÚÕâÀï·­Òë³É¡±³Á¾²¡±µÄÏ£À°´ÊÊDz»Í¬µÄ£¬ÔÚÕâÀïµÄÏ£À°Ô­ÎIJ»ÊǾø¶Ô°²¾²µÄÒâ˼£¬¶øÊÇ°²¶ÙÏÂÀ´¡¢²»ÒªÎÞÀñµÄÒâ˼¡£Ò²ÐíÊÇÒòΪÔÚ¸çÁÖ¶à½Ì»áµÄ»ìÂÒÇé¿ö£¬±£ÂÞ¶ÔËûÃÇÌá³öÁ˱Èͨ³£¸üÑϸñµÄ±ê×¼¡£Õý³£µÄÇéÐÎÎÒÃÇÔÚ¿ÉÒÔÌáĦ̫ǰÊéÖп´µ½£¨J. N. Andrews, ¡°May Women Spaek in Metting?¡± Review and Herald [January 2, 1879], reprinted in Adventist Review 265:5 [February 4, 1988]:17£©¡£µ«Ò²Ðí±£ÂÞµÄÒâ˼ÊÇ˵£¬¸¾Å®²»Ó¦¸Ã²ÎÓë¾Û»áȨ±úÖеĶÔ˵ԤÑÔÕßµÄÅжÏÕâÑùµÄÊ£¨ÁÖÇ°14:29£©£¨James B. Hurley, Man and Woman in Biblical perspective, p. 188-94£©¡£(For and evaluation of sixviews on this passage see Anne B. Blampied, ¡°Paul and Silence for ¡®The Women¡¯ in 1 Corinthians 14:34-35,¡± Studia Biblical et Theologica 13:2 [October 1983]:143-65)¡£

µÚ¶þ£¬ÔÚ¸çÁÖ¶àÇ°Êé11:2-16Öб£ÂÞÔÊÐí¸¾Å®ÔÚ¾Û»áÖУĺÍ˵ԤÑÔ£¬µ«ËýÃÇÕâÑùµÄ×öµÄʱºò±ØÐëÃÉÍ·£¬ÕâÖÖÈò½ËƺõÓëÌáÇ°2:11-12ºÍÁÖÇ°14:34Ïàì¶Ü¡£

ÄÇôÕâ¸öÎÊÌâ¿ÉÒÔ×÷ÕâÑùµÄ½âÊÍ£¬ÔÚÁÖÇ°11:2-16ÖÐÌáµ½µÄ¸¾Å®Ã÷ÏÔÊǵ¥Éí¸¾Å®»òÕßÊÇÒѽá»éµ«ËýÃǵÄÕÉ·ò²»ÔÚ¾Û»áÉϵĸ¾Å®, ¶øÔÚÁÖÇ°14:34ºÍÌáÇ°2:11-12ÖÐÌáµ½µÄ¸¾Å®ÊÇÒÑ»éµÄÇÒËýÃǵÄÕÉ·òÊǾۻáÖÐ(See , for example, David Lowery, ¡°1 Corinthians¡± in Bible nowledge Commentary; New Testament, pp. 528-30, 540-41 for further explanation of the Corinthian passages.)

ÁíÒ»ÖÖ½âÊÍ£¨±ÊÕßËùÔÞͬµÄ£©ÊÇ£¬¸¾Å®ÔÊÐíÔÚ¸çÁֶࣨºÍÆäËûµÄµØ·½£©µÄ¾Û»áÖУĺÍ˵ԤÑÔ£¬ÒòΪÔÚÕâЩ»î¶¯Öв»ÏóÔڽ̵¼ºÍÖÎÀíÖÐÐèÒªÐÐʹºÜ¶àµÄȨ±ú¡£½øÐн̵¼ÐèÒª¸ù¾ÝÊ¥¾­Ìá³öÒªÇóºÍÖ¸µ¼£¬¶ø˵ԤÑÔÔÚÐÂԼʱ´úÖ»ÊÇ·ÖÏíÉñÔÚijÈËÐÄÀïµÄÆôʾ¡£ÓеÄʱºò£¬ÕâÖÖÆôʾÊÇеÄÆôʾ£¬µ«Í¨³£²»ÊÇ¡£ÔÚÈκÎÇé¿öÏ£¬ËµÔ¤ÑÔ¶¼Òª×ñÐÐÏÈÇ°ÉñËù¸øµÄÆôʾ£¨ÁÖÇ°14: 29£©.(See Wayne Grudem, ¡°Probhecy--yes, But Teaching--No; Paul¡¯s Consistent Advocacy of Women¡¯s Participation Without Governing Authority,¡± Journal of the Evangelical Theiological Society 30:1 [March 1987]:11-23; cf. Ryrie, pp. 39-40 TDNT, s. v. ¡°prophets ..., ¡° by Gerhard Friedrich, 6 [1968]:854; Harold W. Hoehner, ¡°The Purpose of Tongues in 1 Corinthians 14:20-25,¡± pp. 56-57; H. Wayne House, ¡°Should a Woman Prophey or Preach Before Men?¡± pp. 149-54.)

¾¡¹Ü¸¾Å®ÔÚ¹«¿ªµÄ¾´°ÝÖн̵¼ÄÐÈË£¬µ«ËýÃÇ¿ÉÒԽ̵¼¸¾Å®ºÍ¶ùͯ£¨¶à2: 3-5£©£¬¶øÇÒÒ²¿ÉÒÔÔÚ·ÇÕýʽ³¡ºÏ½Ìµ¼ÄÐÈË£¨Í½18:26£©¡£

2:13-14 ±£ÂÞÌá³öÁËÁ½¸öÔ­Òò½âÊ͸¾Å®ÎªÊ²Ã´Ó¦¸ÃÔÚ»áÖа´ÕÕËûËùָʾµÄÄÇÑùÈ¥×ö£¬Ê×ÏÈ£¬´Ó´´ÔìµÄ¿ªÊ¼£¬ÉñµÄÒâ˼¾ÍÊÇÒªÄÐÈË´øÁìÅ®ÈË£¬Õâ¿ÉÒÔ´ÓÉñµÄ´´Ôì´ÎÐò¿´µÃ³öÀ´£ºÉñÏÈÔìÁËÑǵ±£¬È»ºó²ÅΪËûÔìÁËÒ»¸öºÏÊʵİéÂÂÏÄÍÞ¡£ÏÄÍÞÊÇΪÑǵ±¶øÔìµÄ£»Ñǵ±²»ÊÇΪÏÄÍÞ¶øÔìµÄ¡£Õâ²¢²»ÊÇ˵ÄÐÈ˱ÈÅ®ÈËÓÐʲôÓÅÔ½£¬»òÊÇÓÐʲôÓÅÏÈȨ¡£ËûÃDZ»ÔìÊÇƽµÈµÄ£¬ÒòΪËûÃDZ˴ËÐèÒª¹Ø»¥²¹£¬µ«ÔÚÉñµÄ¹ÜÀíÖÆÐòÖУ¬Ñǵ±±»ÊÚÓëÔÚËûÆÞ×ÓÖ®ÉϵĹÜÀíȨ£¬¶øÏÄÍÞȴûÓÐÕâÖÖȨÀû¡£

Æä´Î£¬ÔÚÈ˶éÂäʱ×÷Ϊ¶ÔÏÄÍÞµÄÉóÅеÄÒ»²¿·Ö£¬ÄÐÈ˶ÔÅ®È˵ÄÁ쵼Ȩ±»±»ÓÀ¾ÃÐÔµØÈ·¶¨ÁË£¨´´3:16£©¡£ÏÄÍÞ¶éÂäÊÇÉßÒýÓÕËýµÄ½á¹û£¬±ÊÕß²¢²»ÏàÐÅÏÄÍÞºÍËùÓеÄÅ®È˱»ÉñÈ·¶¨ÔÚ¸úËæÕßµÄλÖÃÊÇÒòΪËýÃÇÌìÐÔÉϱÈÄÐÈ˸üÒ×ÊÜÓÕ»ó¡£Ã»ÓкÏÊʵÄÖ¤¾ÝÀ´Ö§³ÖÕâ¸öÈ·¶¨ÐԵĽáÂÛ¡£¶øÊÂʵȷÊÇÕýÊÇÓÉÓÚÏÄÍÞÔÚÄÇÖÖÇéÐÎϱ»ÆÛÆ­£¬ËýºÍËýµÄÅ®¶ùÃDzÅÔÚÉñµÄ¹ÜÀíÖÈÐòÖб»È·¶¨ÔÚ¸úËæÕßµÄλÖÃÉÏ¡£

2:15 Ò²ÐíÕâ½ÚÄѽâµÄ¾­ÎÄ×îºÃµÄ½âÊ͵ÄÊÇ£ºÓ¦Ðí¸ø¸¾Å®µÄÍêÃÀµÄÉúÃü²»ÊÇÌåÏÖÔÚËýÃÇÔڽ̻áÀï×÷ÄÁʦ»òÁìÐ䣬¶øÊÇÌåÏÖÔÚËýÃÇÔÚ¼ÒÀï×÷ĸÇ׵ĽÇÉ«£¬Ö»ÒªËýÃÇÊÇÓëÖ÷ͬÐеġ£±ÊÕßÏàÐÅ£¬ÕâÖÖ½âÊͱÈÆäËûµÄ½âÊÍÒªÉÙһЩÎÊÌ⣬ËüҲƽºâÁ˱£ÂÞÔÚÕâÒ»²¿·Ö£¨8-15½Ú£©Ëù˵Ã÷µÄÎÊÌâ¡£¶øÇÒ̸ÂÛµÄÊÇÒ»Ö±ÊÇͬһ¸öÌâÄ¿£¬¶ø²»ÊÇת¶ø̽ÌÖ¸¾Å®ÈçºÎÓÀÔ¶µÃ¾ÈµÄÎÊÌ⣬»òÊÇ£Æͨ¹ýÉú²úÉíÌåµÃ¾ÈµÄÎÊÌ⣬Ҳ²»ÊÇÔÚÁéÀïµÀµÂÉϵþȵÄÎÊÌ⣬¸ü²»ÊÇҪ̸ÂÛÓÉÓÚÒ®öÕ»ù¶½µÄ½µÉúËù²úÉúµÄÕü¾È¹ûЧµÄÎÊÌâ¡£Ò»¸öºÜÖØÒªµÄÎÊÌâÊÇ£¬Èç¹ûÕâ¸ö½âÊÍÊÇÕýÈ·µÄ»°£¬ÄÇô²»Éúº¢×ӵĸ¾Å®ÊÇ·ñÄÜÔÚÉú»îÖÐÕÒµ½ËýÃǽÇÉ«µÄʵÏÖÄØ£¿±ÊÕßÏàÐű£Â޵Ļشð»áÊǿ϶¨µÄ£¬Ö»ÒªËýÃÇÊÇÐÅÉñµÄ¸¾Å®£¬µ«Í¨³£¸¾Å®ÊÇÔÚËýÃÇ×÷ĸÇ׵ĽÇÉ«ÉÏʵÏÖËýÃÇÍêÃÀµÄÉúÃü¡£¶øÇÒ£¬±£ÂÞÊǼٶ¨¾ø´ó²¿·Ö¸¾Å®ÊÇÉúÑøº¢×ӵġ£

±£ÂްѣƲ»Ó¦¸ÃÄÜ×öµÄºÍÄÜ×öµÄ×÷ÁËÒ»¸öƽºâ£¬ÔÚÒ»°ãµÄ¶ÔÊ¥¾­ÉϹØÓڣƵÄʹ¤µÄ̽ÌÖÖУ¬³£³£Ã»ÓÐÕâÖÖƽºâ¡£After the presentation is completed women often come away feeling that they can do anything or, more often, nothing. ÎÒÃÇÓ¦¸ÃÏó±£ÂÞÄÇÑù£¬ÔÚ̽ÌÖÕâ¸öÎÊÌâµÄʱºòÒª±£³Öƽºâ¡£

£¨An interesting article by Andrew D. Lester, ¡°Some Observations on the Psychological Effects of Women in Ministry,¡± Review and Wxpositor 83:1 [Winter 1986]63-70, illustrates the difficulty women who try to minister in traditionally male roles face because of psychological factors involving themselves and those to whom they seek to minister. For an exposition of 2:8-15 that concludes ¡°there is noth8ing here that would limit the role of women in the church¡± see Alan Padgett, ¡°Wealthy Women at Ephesus,¡± Interpretation 41:1 [January 1987], pp. 19-31£©¡£

©¤©¤ Thomas L. Constable¡¶Notes on 1 Timothy¡·

ÌÌÓ